Experimental Study on the Effect of an Active Solar Heating Soil Heat Storage System on the Thermal Environment in Gobi Solar Greenhouses

 Agriculture in the Gobi Desert faces extreme climate challenges, with scorching daytime heat, freezing nights, and limited water resources. To overcome these barriers, researchers have turned to innovative solutions such as Gobi solar greenhouses—structures designed to capture, store, and efficiently use solar energy for year-round cultivation. This experimental study investigates how integrating an active solar heating soil heat storage system can improve the thermal environment inside these greenhouses.

In the research setup, solar air collectors harnessed energy during the day, transferring heat into an underground soil storage system via a network of pipes. This stored energy was gradually released at night, preventing sharp temperature drops that typically hinder plant growth in desert conditions. The results were striking—indoor air temperatures increased by up to 8°C at night, soil temperatures remained stable for root protection, and daytime overheating was reduced by around 5°C. The system also achieved a solar collector efficiency of approximately 47%, significantly lowering dependence on conventional heating methods and cutting operational costs.

The findings highlight the immense potential of active solar heating with soil heat storage in desert agriculture. By maintaining optimal growing conditions, this technology extends the cultivation season, boosts crop yields, and supports food security in some of the world’s harshest environments—all while reducing environmental impact through the use of renewable energy. This study not only advances sustainable farming techniques but also paves the way for scalable, eco-friendly agricultural practices in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide.

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